關于硬質合金精密加工的介紹(shao)
硬(ying)質合金是一種(zhong)硬(ying)度非常高的(de)(de)(de)材料，其加(jia)工(gong)過程也是有一定難度的(de)(de)(de)。近(jin)年來隨(sui)著科技的(de)(de)(de)進步和生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展，很(hen)多工(gong)業領域對硬(ying)質合金工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)要求越(yue)來越(yue)高，包括精密(mi)公差尺寸和表(biao)面粗糙度的(de)(de)(de)高要求，以及一些堅硬(ying)難加(jia)工(gong)材料制(zhi)成的(de)(de)(de)復雜零件。對硬(ying)質合金精密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)提(ti)出了(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)挑戰。今天，西迪小編(bian)給大家分享的(de)(de)(de)便是關(guan)于硬(ying)質合金精密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)知識。
硬質(zhi)合金精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)包括精(jing)整(zheng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和光整(zheng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，精(jing)整(zheng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)生產(chan)中常用的(de)(de)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，指的(de)(de)是(shi)在精(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)后從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)上切除很(hen)薄(bo)的(de)(de)材料(liao)層，以(yi)(yi)提高(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)精(jing)度(du)和減少表面(mian)的(de)(de)粗糙(cao)度(du)值為目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法，如研(yan)磨、珩磨等(deng)。而精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)光整(zheng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)指不切除或者從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)上切除極薄(bo)材料(liao)層，以(yi)(yi)降低表面(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)為目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法，比(bi)如超(chao)精(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、拋(pao)光等(deng)。
硬質合金精密加工(gong)的(de)研磨是用研磨工(gong)具和(he)研磨劑，從(cong)工(gong)件上研去一(yi)層極薄(bo)表面層的(de)精加工(gong)方法。
采(cai)用(yong)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)工具，比如(ru)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)芯棒、研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)套(tao)、研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)平板等，可對硬質合金的(de)(de)內(nei)圓(yuan)、外圓(yuan)和平面(mian)等進行(xing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)。為了磨(mo)料能(neng)嵌(qian)入研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)套(tao)的(de)(de)內(nei)表面(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)套(tao)的(de)(de)材料應該軟一(yi)些，常用(yong)的(de)(de)是(shi)鑄鐵。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)時先在工具表面(mian)涂(tu)上(shang)一(yi)層(ceng)均勻的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑，手(shou)持研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)工具在軸上(shang)來回移動，直至(zhi)達(da)到研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)要求為止(zhi)。
研(yan)磨的精密加(jia)工方法具(ju)有以下特(te)點：
1、 經過研(yan)磨后的(de)工件表面(mian)(mian)，尺寸精度(du)可(ke)以達到(dao)IT4-IT1級；表面(mian)(mian)粗糙度(du)值(zhi)可(ke)減小到(dao)0.1-0.0006μm。形狀精度(du)可(ke)相應提高(gao)。
2、 生產效率比較(jiao)低，加工余量小。
3、 研(yan)磨劑易飛濺，污(wu)染(ran)環境。
在現代制造業中，研(yan)磨應(ying)用(yong)非(fei)常(chang)廣，許(xu)多精密量塊、量規、齒輪、鋼(gang)球、噴油嘴、石英晶體、陶瓷(ci)元(yuan)件等零件均需研(yan)磨。
我們(men)再來看看硬質合金精(jing)(jing)密加(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)另外一種加(jia)(jia)工(gong)方(fang)式(shi)珩(heng)磨(mo)。珩(heng)磨(mo)的(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)原理是利用珩(heng)磨(mo)工(gong)具對工(gong)件(jian)表面施加(jia)(jia)一定壓力(li)，珩(heng)磨(mo)工(gong)具同(tong)時作往復(fu)振動(dong)、相對旋轉(zhuan)和直線往復(fu)運(yun)動(dong)，切除工(gong)件(jian)上(shang)極小的(de)余量的(de)精(jing)(jing)密加(jia)(jia)工(gong)方(fang)法。
拋光(guang)(guang)是利用機械、化(hua)學或電化(hua)學地作(zuo)用，使工(gong)件(jian)獲(huo)的光(guang)(guang)亮(liang)、平整表面(mian)的加(jia)工(gong)方法(fa)。拋光(guang)(guang)是安排在工(gong)件(jian)精加(jia)工(gong)之后進行(xing)，拋光(guang)(guang)之后的工(gong)件(jian)，粗糙度R值可達0.1-0.012μm，并能明顯增加(jia)光(guang)(guang)亮(liang)度，但是不能保持原有的精度。
硬質合(he)金(jin)(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)還有很多(duo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)方式，如CNC銑削加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、慢走絲線切割加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、電火花(hua)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、數控(kong)車床加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)等等，今天給大家介紹的(de)(de)還只是磨(mo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)一小部分(fen)，硬質合(he)金(jin)(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)是一門大學問，公(gong)司在硬質合(he)金(jin)(jin)精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)方面(mian)擁有非常(chang)雄厚的(de)(de)實力，配備各類先進加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)設備，適(shi)用于(yu)各類高精(jing)密(mi)、特種材料、偏(pian)心(xin)內外形、彎頭、復雜幾何(he)零件的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，歡迎前(qian)來咨詢(xun)。
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